在日常学习、工作或生活中，大家都尝试过写作文吧，作文根据体裁的不同可以分为记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文。怎么写作文才能避免踩雷呢？
▼1. 用作副词，注意以下用法：
(1) 表示让步，意为“无论如何”“不管怎样”，用来修饰形容词或副词，其词序为：however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。这样用的however其实具有连词的功能，用以引导一个让步状语从句。如：
However much he eats, he never gets fat. 不管他吃多少，他永远吃不胖。
However cold it is, he always goes swimming. 不管天有多冷，他都去游泳。
However far it is, I intend to drive there tonight. 不管有多远，我今晚也要开车到那儿去。
这样用的 however 与 no matter how 大致同义。如：
No matter how much he eats, he never gets fat.
No matter how cold it is, he always goes swimming.
No matter how far it is, I intend to drive there tonight.
有时从句谓语可用情态动词。如：
Don’t laugh, however funny it may be. 无论多么有趣也不要笑。
I’ll try to finish it in time, however hard it may be. 无论多么难，我也要按时完成。
另外，“however+形容词或副词+主语+谓语”有时可以有所省略。如：
I refuse, however favourable the conditions. 不管条件如何有利，我都不干。(conditions后省去了are)
I’d rather have a room of my own, however small (it is), than share a room. 无论房间多么小，我宁愿一个人住一间，而不愿意与别人合住一个房间。
A grammar rule, however true (it is), is useless unless it can be understood. 一条语法规则，不管如何正确，除非能懂，否则毫无用处。
(2) 表示转折，尤其用于谈及一个既成事实时，表示转折，其意为“可是”“仍然”等。可放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。如：
My father, however, did not agree. 但是，我父亲不同意
My room is small; however, it’s comfortable. 我的房间很小，但却很舒服。
He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however. 他说情况如此，可是他错了。
注意，however不能像 but(但是)那样直接连接两个句子(注意正句中的标点符号)。如：
我们都已尽了最大的努力，不过我们还是输了。
误：We all tried our best, however we lost the game.
正：We all tried our best, but we lost the game.
正：We all tried our best; however, we lost the game.
正：We all tried our best. However, we lost the game.
(3) 表示惊奇或强调，相当于how ever的用法，其意为“究竟怎样，到底以什么方式”。如：
However did you get here without a car? 没有汽车你究竟是怎样来的呢？
However does he manage to write music when he is so deaf? 他聋成这个样子，究竟是怎样从事作曲的呢？
▼2. 用作连词，引导方式状语从句，表示“无论以何种方式”“不管怎样”。如：
However it may be, I shall take your word. 无论如何，我将会相信你的话。
The painting looks wrong however you look at it. 这张画不论怎么看都显得不对劲。
However you travel, it’ll take you at least two days. 无论你怎么个走法，至少要两天时间。
e.g. “Scholar A’s opinion, then, is based on insufficient evidence. By contrast, Scholar B’s opinion seems more plausible.”
学者A的意见是根据较不完整的资料。相较之下，学者B的意见可信度较高。
(属并列连词表转折，上下分句所述情况相反，用在句中，后不加逗号)
例：The building got fire,but the man rush into it.
这栋大楼着火了，但是这个男的仍然冲了进去。
but肯定是最常用的一个了。
e.g. She walked home by herself although she knew that it was dangerous.
她一个人步行回家，尽管她知道那样做很危险。
but
however
while
though, or
otherwise
on the contrary
on the other
hand, in contrast
despite
in spite of
even though
except (for)
instead
of course
after all
e.g. “The historical evidence appears to suggest a clear-cut situation. On the other hand, the archaeological evidence presents a somewhat less straightforward picture of what happened that day.”
那天发生的事在历史证据显示一个清楚的状况。但另一方面，考古证据却显示一个较不容易理解的局面。
例： The office is hot.In spite of that,he has been staying office for 3 hours.
办公室很热，尽管如此，他还是在里面呆了3小时。
that是指代前一句。
e.g. Nevertheless, we still believe our new project will succeed.
尽管如此，我们仍相信我们的工程项目会成功。
例：The food sells smelly,whereas it tastes well.
这个食物闻着臭，但是吃起来很不错。
例：Sometimes he is impolite,but he is a nice guy for all that.
他有时不太礼貌，但还是个好人。
e.g. Differ from his position, she claims that this plan still has a lot of flaws.
不同于他的立场，她觉得这个计划还是有很多的瑕疵。
例：Despite that she likes Maths,she is not good at it.
尽管她喜欢学数学，但是却学得不好。
e.g. “Writer A asserts that this was the reason for what happened. Then again, it’s possible that he was being paid to say this.”
A作者断言这个事件发生的原因，但话说回来，也有可能是有人付钱叫他这么说的。
例：I have never been an enemy of snacks; on the contrary, I consider snacks could be healthy.
我从来不反对吃零食；正相反，我认为零食也可以吃的很健康。
e.g. He forgets most things, but having said that, he always remembers my birthday.他很健忘，不过，他一直记得我的生日。
However可单独成句，通常放在句首，后面紧接着逗号。
However, he isn’t qualified enough for the job.
however亦可以夹在两个子句中，前方需分号，后方为逗号。
This seems to be a fair way; however, we still should carefully consider every aspect.
While和whilst一样，但whilst要更正式些(一本著名的语法书这么说的)。
Whereas is always used for contrast. While/whilst can be used for contrast, or to mean "at the same time".
Whereas总是用于表示相反的意见。While和whilst既可以表示意思相反，也可以表示“与此同时”。
As can mean "because" or "exactly at the moment when".
As可以表示“因为”，也可以指“就在那时”。
(属副词作并列连词用，语气比but强烈，可与与and，but连用)
例：I didn't give his present yet.
我还没有把礼物给他。
yet一般都是放在句尾的，而且只出现在否定句中。