在生活、工作和学习中，许多人都有过写作文的经历，对作文都不陌生吧，作文根据体裁的不同可以分为记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文。一什么样的作文才能称之为优秀作文呢？
1.酒驾频现引起广泛关注
2.酒驾的危害
3.为了减少酒驾，我们应该……
范文：
How to Reduce Drunken Driving
Currently, as a mass of reports on deaths andinjuries caused by drunken driving are all over thenews， the phenomenon of drunken driving hasaroused nationwide concern.
Drunken driving will undoubtedly give rise tosevere consequences if we turn a blind eye to it. Inthe first place, it will put the safety of drivers,passengers and pedestrians under threat by causing traffic accidents, injuries or even deaths.After that, it means a mournful waste of time and money to treat the injured and fix thecrashed cars. In addition, the irresponsible behaviors of the drunken drivers may lead to theunstabilization of the society.
Prompt and effective measures should be taken to reduce drunken driving before thingsget worse. On the one hand, it is essential that laws and regulations should be strictlyenforced to impose heavy penalty on those who violate the rules. On the other, more effortsshould be made to arouse public consciousness, such as propagating the bad influence ofdrunken driving. Only in this way can drunken driving be reduced.
题目为：Agree or disagree:it is often not a good city to move to a new city or a new country because you will lose touch with old friends。
范文
As the technology of public transportation keeps advancing, more citizens can choose to dwell in the cities that are beneficial to their own development. Inevitably, there occurs a controversy whether moving to a new city or country will lead to the rupture of relationship among friends. From my perspective, I think the statement is not sensible.
Firstly, moving to a new country or city will not result in the loss of old friends. To be more specific, the maintenance of friendship doesn’t lie in how far they live with each other and the development of technology has diversified the ways of interacting with friends. The invention of cellphones break the shackles caused by distance and overseas students can choose to communicate with their family members and friends through a variety of Apps like WeChat that makes video calls possible. Except for that, by looking at the pictures popping up all over the social media like Facebook, people can easily capture what is happening to their friends. For instance, my friend Selina took selfie in the Sydney Opera House a week ago and I would learn that she was having fun in the Australia with her picture posted on the Instagram. Therefore, a wide range of advanced electronic gadgets can be used to sustain friendship.
Moreover, instead of losing old friends, city migrants can even enlarge their social circles and achieve more success. Restricted in a city for a long period, people may be trapped in a situation that would block their development and they can gain refreshing experience while immigrating to a new city. My friend of Mine named Michael served as a Market Analyst in a renewed company in Beijing. However, he couldn’t see any progress in recent years and then an opportunity comes out. Because of his five-year working experience, a foreign trade cooperation tried to recruit him as the Market Analyst because the firm was planning to start a new program. Then he grasped the chance and earn a challenging life that he likes even though he was required to work in Shanghai. Our relationship have not experienced any interruption and his strong ability of being adapted to the new environment helps him to make lots of new friends. Accordingly, moving to a new city can, occasionally, help to break the deadlock in our professions.
Admittedly, it can be sensible that friends can be estranged owing to the long distance with each other. Specifically speaking, the chances to meet with each other will be limited a lot. However, as I just put, for one thing, people can talk with each other through various social network software. For another thing, the distance between cities is not a problem anymore since there have been many public transportation tools like the high-speed trains and airplanes that will lead us to anyplace we try to go in a very short period.
In a word, moving to a new city or a new country is good choice under some circumstance. Besides, the highly developed technology can help to strengthen the relations with our friends and the possibilities of living a different life and achieving success can both explain why I stand by the statement that it is a good thing to move to a new city.
"Nowadays People Are Selfish and Greedy. "Do You Agree or Disagree with This Point of View?
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “"Nowadays People Are Selfish and Greedy. "Do You Agree or Disagree with This Point of View?”。 You may cite some examples to support your view. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
参考范文：
Selfish and Greedy
There is no doubt that some people are selfish and greedy. For example, some
merchants sell their fake commodities at the market place for more profit. They are rich and want to be richer. There are also government officials who sell people's trust. Senior officials who take bribes by selling the power in their hands are not a few. Those people believe in the precept "Everyone for himself and the devil take the hind most."
However, the majority of people are neither selfish nor greedy. They contribute much and ask for little. Countless examples can be found around us, the PLA soldiers who sacrificed themselves for saving people's lives in fighting the disastrous floods and the warriors in white who risked their lives to save SARS victims being two of the most typical contrast to the selfish and corrupt official they are heroes, who set up glorious images for us.
The idea that nowadays people are selfish and greedy is probably attributed to the influence of the mass media which tend to over exaggerate the negative aspects of life. Many newspapers, particularly many local evening papers, and TV films play up nastiness by reporting and showing too much about violence and sex. A lot of books, too, portray selfishness and greed to seek sensational effect and economic profit. I wonder whether they are selfish and greedy, too?
Winter holiday is coming, many students are looking forward to a wonderful long vacation so that they are busy making a vacation plan. According to a survey, students who go traveling and do social practices during vacations increase greatly while those who stay at home decrease a lot.
There are many reasons account for that. Firstly, with the fast development of economy, many people have become rich, which makes it possible for more students to go traveling. Also, modem transportation has made it easier for students to go out to travel. Secondly, the authorities of Chinese university have been encouraging their students to do social practices in the hope that college students would broaden their view to know more about the society and become more adaptable to the future work after they graduate.
In my opinion, it’s good to let more students go out traveling or doing social practices during the vacations for they have become much mature to realize how to spend our vacations meaningfully and practically.
1.词汇的变化
1 用不同的词汇表达相同的意义，避免单调，枯燥的重复。
如：好学生：top/gifted/superior/excellent/outstanding students
损害：have a negative effect on; do great injury to; cause great damage to
妨碍：stand in the way of..; be an obstacle/barrier to..
对…很重要：be indispensable/important/vital to
学习知识：pursue/acquire/learn knowledge/skill
许多：a large portion of; many a; enormous; large numbers of
重视：assign/attach much importance/significance to..
强调：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on..
越来越：be increasingly +adj.; be on the rise; the growing number of..
接触新思想：be exposed to new ideas; have an/some acquaintance with..
接触社会：come into frequent/close contact with the society;
提出观点：advance/put forward/come up with ideas
作出努力：make tremendous/persistent effort to do sth.; take great pains to do sth.
影响学习：interfere with studies; have an interference with studies
产生影响：have/exert a profound influence on…; have a dramatic/undesirable effect on..
取代：substitute for sth.; take the place of sth.; replace sth.
采取措施：take effective steps/measures to
满足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of
补偿损失：compensate for the loss; make up for the damage
解释现象：account for the phenomenon; explain these phenomena
培养信心：develop one’s interest in..; foster one’s confidence in..
施加压力：put/exert a pressure on..
提供机会：provide/offer/furnish an opportunity/chance for sb.
抓住机会：grab/seize/take the opportunity/chance
献身于：devote/dedicate/commit oneself to a cause/career
提高技术，能力：sharpen/improve/enhance/boost one’s skill/ability
加快，促进发展：accelerate/facilitate/advance/enhance/boost the development of…
开阔眼界：broaden one’s outlook; expand/enlarge one’s mental horizons
充满渴望：have a burning desire for..; have a great passion for..
2 使用同一个词的不同词性，在句中作不同的成分，带来新颖性，形成变化。
2.句型的变化
1 比较级句子
英语通过比较级来表达意思的句子远比汉语多。 比如：
a) A young man’s first car is less a means of transportation than a monument to his discovery of youthful freedom. (A young man’s first car is not a means of transportation, but a monument to his discovery of youthful freedom.)
b) Success is as much a question of timing as anything else. (Like anything else, success is a question of timing.)
c) No issue is as basic to individual and national survival as food. (Food is the most basic issue to individual and national survival.)
2 同位语句子
同位语有两种功能：归纳和解释。 例如：
a) Another ingredient of courtesy is empathy, a quality that enables a person to see into the mind or heart of someone else.
b) But whatever sad episodes exist in our past, we must hold a positive view of our history, a history that has been the story of hopes fulfilled and dreams made into reality.
3 平行排比句
恰当地使用句子的平行排比，能使文章显得更生动，更有力。
e.g. Our strength makes him strong; our determination makes him determined; our courage makes him a hero.
4 后置修饰句
运用后置修饰语可以使文章的表达更简洁。
e.g. There is an almost infinite variety of magazines available to satisfy the rich variety of interests and tastes.
5 插入语
在正常的句子中插入某些成分，也会给句子带来变化。
e.g. At the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of this century, a man had to be aggressive and ambitious--today he has to social and tolerant--in order to be attractive “package”。
6 被动句
在主动句占绝大多数的情况下，被动句能带来一些变化。
e.g. However, very little control can be exercised over the media used to generate information that comes to you from the outside.
7 倒装句
倒装句不仅带来句型的丰富，而且在句子的连贯上，平衡上也有一定的作用。
e.g. From that science will come the realization that despite technology, man dose not exercise dominion over nature.
8 名词化句子
正式文体中，名词化句子的运用显得语言表达更成熟。
e.g. Heavy exposure to TV will interfere with one’s studies. (Watching too much TV will affect your studies.)
9 运用破折号
运用破折号不仅对句子变化有帮助，而且有强调的作用。
3.段落连贯
Development Paragraphs
段落特征：统一，完整，连贯
常用的连接手段：
1. 每段的。内容要围绕主题句，保持内容的一致性，并从不同的角度来充分发展段落的主题思想。
2. 使用代词来代前面提到的人，物或观点
3. 重复段落中的关键词，短语或句子
4. 使用同义词
5. 使用转折词语和句型：
1)用于段落开始的词语：of all, to begin with, nowadays, with the development/invention/progress of…,generally speaking, recently, etc.
2)常用于段落开始的句型：
People’s views/ideas/opinions on…vary from person to person. Some people think that…
Different people have different views on …
It is held that…
Just as/As the proverb/old saying goes…
It is commonly believed that…
Is….? Answer to this vary greatly. Some people think that…
When asked about…, different people will offer different opinions. Some people say that…
Nowadays, …play(s) an important role in…/…is popular around us. Like everything else, …has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
…Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be most effective.
…There are many reasons/causes for…, but in general, they come down to two/three major ones.
There are many factors that may account for…, but the following are the most typical ones.
A. 用于举例的词语：for example, such as, for instance, to illustrate, a case in point, take…for example, etc.
B. 用于比较和对比的词语：similarly, in the same way, equally important, in/by contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand, unlike, however, yet, etc.
C. 用于表示因果关系或分析原因的词语：due to, owing to, as a result, therefore, so, thus, consequently, among…reasons, one should be emphasized that…, etc.
D. 用于表示层次递进的词语：first/firstly (second/secondly, etc.), to begin with…, moreover, finally, first of all, since then, after that, further, etc.
E. 用于表示让步的词语：although, in spite of, despite, etc.
F. 用于表示结论的词语：in conclusion, to sum up, to conclude, in short, in a word, in summary, the conclusion is that…, in brief, etc.
3)常用于结尾的句型：
① From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that…
② Taking into account all these factors, we may safely come to the conclusion that…
③ Judging from all evidence offered, we may safely arrive at/reach the conclusion that…
④ All the evidence supports a sound conclusion that…
⑤ All the analysis justifies an unshakable conclusion that…
⑥ From what is mentioned above, we may come to the conclusion that…
⑦ As far as I am concerned, I agree with…/I am really in favor of …/I am of the opinion that…/I hold that…/I cling to the opinion that…
⑧ There is some truth in both arguments, but I think the disadvantages of…outweigh its advantages.
⑨ In my opinion,/in my view,/as for me, I…
⑩ As far as… is concerned, I prefer…to…
It’s high time that we tried every possible means to put an end to…/we took measures to solve the problem of…
There’s still a long way to go towards solving the problem. We hope that efforts should be made to…
Many solutions are being offered here. All of them make some sense, but none is very satisfactory/adequate enough. The problem should be approached in a new way/a wider context.
There is no easy solution to the problem of…, but …might be useful/helpful.
There is no denying that immediate/considerable/special/further attention must be paid to the problem of…
There is little doubt that serious attention must be called to the shortage of…
It is necessary that effective/proper/quick actions/steps/measures be taken to..
It’s suggested that great efforts be made to…
It’s apparent/clear/obvious that the task of… requires immediate/great attention/efforts/consideration.
To check/control the tendency/trend is no easy task, and it requires a good/deep awareness/understanding of…
段落的展开方法：
1. 列举法
2. 举例法
3. 定义法
4. 比较和对比法
5. 因果法
6. 分类法
7. 叙述法
8. 综合法
4.文章结构(ten sentences, 120words)
Para. 1. S1 General talk of the topic
S2 Thesis: the writer’s attitude towards it
Para. 2. S3 The writer’s reasons to have this attitude
S4 Support I
S5 Detail I
S6 Detail II
S7 Support II
S8 Detail I
S9 Detail II
Para.3 S10 Conclusion: restate the thesis
一、不会表达
很多考生认为英语写作的最大障碍是不会用英文表达自己的想法。首先要有词汇的积累。词汇是参加任何英语考试的基础，希望朋友们在5月末和11月末之前必须把六级大纲所规定词汇浏览3遍，不一定都要背诵。其次要有英语思维。朗文词典特点之一就是用2000个核心词解释几十万个词条，由此可见，用很简单的语言就可以表达复杂的事物。建议考生平时常看朗文词典词条的英文注解，培养英语思维。
解决办法
二、无话可说
有些考生有过这种感觉，大学英语四级作文题目看得懂，提纲也清楚，就是脑子一片空白。对于这种情况，考生可以将题目细化、具体化，联想到现实生活中的具体事实、内容。四级考试作文题目都是常见的。、和大家生活相关的话题。所以考生只需在平时的学习生活中培养自己勤于观察的好习惯，从身边具体的、细小的事物引发思考、阐述观点，久而久之就会摆脱无话可说的困境。
三、时间安排
有的考生会在考试过程中陷入思考困境，导致于没有在规定的时间内完成作文。还有部分考生因害怕自己不能按时完成作文，于是拿笔就写，导致偏题或卷面脏乱。把握时间和创作流程很重要。我们吧流程分为三个步骤，审题、创作、修改润色。用3到5分钟审题，大致列出提纲。用约20分钟下笔创作。剩余5分钟检查全文，做些修改润色。
help the victims of natural calamities
帮助受灾者
Many people may be afflicted with natural disasterssuch as flooding, famine, drought or starvation.Should people in rich areas extend their help tothose unfortunate victims?
I think it is of crucial importance to renderimmediate help since we are emotionally affected by the sufferings of the numerous people incalamity areas, and our sense of humanity and sympathy tells us to reach out a hand tothem. We must take action in thinking of ways to help instead of staying where we are withfolded arms and indifferent response.
There are many ways of doing this. We can send relief workers into the problem areas likedoctors, nurses, technicians or workers. This is a form of rendering professional help. Otherpractical forms of help include collecting and sending food and clothes into these areas. Theseuseful items will serve their purposes very well in the absence of corruptional officials. A farmore important way is providing them with technical, agricultural and health education. This willdefinitely be a more costly involvement but it is effective in building up their economy ordeveloping it for their future survival.
If the Chinese people even want to improve their life quality, the problem of __________ has to be solved. With more and more people _______, this problem is becoming more and more serious in terms of scale and scope.
First of all,_________. What’s more,__________. Only when all the people stop pursuing personal interests at the price of ________ can we hope to put an end to this unfavorable situation.
The _________ is of great importance to every member of our society. As long as the government, society and individuals make joint efforts, a sound solution is not far away.
(1)建议信
Dear ________,
I’m very ___________ to know / learn that __________. I am writing to voice my suggestions / proposals / views concerning _________. In my opinion,_________. On the on hand,__________. On the other hand,__________.
As to _________, I would like to suggest / recommend that __________, because __________. It would be __________. In addition,___________. I am sure that __________.
Please inform me of your feedback on __________. I am looking forward to __________.
Truly yours
(2)祝贺信
Dear_______,
I have just learnt that___________.I hasten to tender you a word of congratulations on this splendid success of________.
It is indeed a remarkable thing for _________.The success of your________proves not only____________,but also___________.
Again,please accept my warm congratulations and please give my best wishes to______________.
Sincerely yours,
一、四级写作的类型及举例
1. 正反论型
例如：有 我的写作思路是阐述两方的观点，再提出自己的意见。
2. 问题解决型
例如：现在社会中吃饭的浪费问题严重。我的写作思路是提出问题，分析原因，提出解决办法。
3. 图表作文
例如：上图描绘的是怎样的现实情况。我的写作思路是描述图表内容，将内容与现实结合，提出自己的'观点。
二、四级写作中注意的问题
1. 英文书写工整是首要要求
不管是写什么作文，书面直观感受是最重要的，这就是所谓的印象分。我们的文字可能没有经过专业的学习，不会那么好看，但是我们一定可以写出一手工整的字，整齐的排列会让人看上去很舒服。这样阅卷老师在评分的时候，至少会看到你认真的态度，这样你的分数往往会高一点。
2. 高级词汇的写入
在英文写作中，高级词汇的写入会提高自己的文章质量。比如美丽的，我们大多数人都会想到beautiful,其实还有很多形容美丽的单词，attractive, gorgeous, eye-catching.这些单词都可以形容美丽，若是我们能够将这些单词写入我们的文章中，而不是简单的beautiful。那么我们文章再看起来也会更加的充实。